Essay --

NAME Angela FerreiraSTUDENT NUMBER 543939COURSEFVPAASSIGNMENT As bulls eyement one Stuart Hall the put to work of representationDUE DATE 12 MarchTUTOR NAME Amanda MullinsPlagiarism declarationI know that plagiarism is wrong. Plagiarism is to use others work and to pretend that it is ones own.I contrive used the author date convention for citation and referencing. Each significant voice to and quotation in this essay from the work or works of other people has been acknowledged through citation and reference.This essay is my own work.I have not submitted this work, or a substantial portion thereof, for assessment previously.I have not allowed and pull up stakes not allow anyone to copy my work with the blueprint of passing it off as his or her own work.I have done the word processing and formatting of this assignment my self. I understand that the mend formatting is part of the mark for this assignment and that it is therefore wrong for another person to do it for me.Angela Ferreira- Signature12 March 2014DateAngela FerreiraStudent get along 543939FVPA ASSIGNMENT 1 STUART HALL THE WORK OF REPRESENTATIONQUESTION 1The approach that Saussure adopted to understanding representation as a sign system is called The Semiotic Approach or Semiotics (HALL 1997 pg 31)Question 2The signThe sign can take different forms such as sounds, images, objects and so on. However, signs only really become signs when we invest meaning into them (HALL 1997 pg34). The sign consists of multiple attribute... ...the keys, in simple- history is recorded by the victorious and those on top will filter, give access to and withhold information of their choosing. Reference list1) Biko, S, 1988. Some African Culture Concepts. In P.H. Cotzee et al (eds) Philosophy From Africa. London International Thompsen publication 2) Fritz, F. 1937. Die Judenfrage im Unterricht. Nrnberg Der Strmer-Abteilung Buchverlag3) Hall, S. (ed). 1997. Representation Cultural Representations and Signifying practises. London Thousand Oaks New Delhi Sage publications in association with Open University.4)McLuhan , M. 1964. Understanding Media. McGraw-Hill Canada 5) Peter Gabriel, Biko, 1980. real realism music Ltd, EMI music publishing. Courtesy of PeterGabriel.com6) The Concise Oxford Dictionary of current English, 1990. 8th edition. Walton street, New York, Oxford.

Catcher In The Rye - A Sequel Essay -- essays research papers

Catcher In The Rye - A SequelLoomis ChaffeeChapter 1Another day another school...I thought about this new school they layme in. They said I will like it. Well Ill be the one to decide that. Next thingI know Im on a 630 train to Windsor, CT.It was a Thursday and I received a call from Mr.Spencer, well it wasntreally for me but for my parents. I immediately new who it was, you poop justhear its a school teacher. One can just hear that over the phone. After thephone hangs up I hear a yell, Holden, front and center Then we go throughoutthat whole, we had a discussion with, and all that crap. Then I received thenews, after speaking to Mr.Spencer we have unflinching to send you to Loomis Chaffee.Loomis Chaffee I...

Virginia Woolf as Feminist and a Psychoanalyst Essay -- Biography Biog

Virginia Woolf as Feminist and a Psychoanalyst When first introduced to the feminist and psychoanalyticalal approaches to literary criticism, it seems provable that the 2 methods are opposed to each other at the very least, one method -the psychoanalytic - would appear antagonistic to feminism. After all, there is practically in Freuds earlier theories that a feminist would find appalling. It also seems to be a conflict that the feminists are winning as feminist criticism fetchs in popularity, the psychoanalytic approach has apparently fallen into disfavour within the academic community. However, Freuds theories and psychological models continue to survive, and evolve, to the point where even certain feminists - namely the French - shake up assiduous aspects of Freuds theories to further their own studies. Critics such as Leclerc and Duras employ Freuds concept of the Oedipal Complex in their search for lcriture feminine - a style of uniquely-feminine writing stra nd in the pre-Oedipal stage that exists before the tyrannical foot of the father (the patriarchy) stamps it out. This is Psychoanalytic Theory and Feminism working together, to gain new insights into literature, old and new. Take, for instance, the works of Virginia Woolf some(prenominal) the psychoanalyst and the feminist can find much of interest within her short stories and novels. Woolf is an important figure for feminists not only was she one of the first womanish writers to gain the recognition she deserved during her own lifetime, but certain of her works, such as The Angel in the House and A Room of Ones Own, were important and ground-breaking achievements in the feminine literary field. Feminist critics would approach Woolfs stories and essays by ... ...eminist, or a marxist, or even a deconstructionalist, even if but for a moment, by exploitation treble methods of literary analysis, a deeper and more fulfilling understanding of the text can be achieved.Works ConsultedBlain, Virginia. Narrative Voice and the Female Perspective in Virginia Woolfs primeval Novels. Virginia Woolf sweet Critical Essays. Ed. Patricia Clements and Isobel Grundy. London Vision, 1983. 115-36.Fisher, Jane Elizabeth. The Seduction of the Father Virginia Woolf and Leslie Stephen. Womens Studies 18 (1990) 31-48.Hill, Katherine C. Virginia Woolf and Leslie Stephen History and Literary Revolution. PMLA 96.3 (1981) 351-62.Lee, Hermione. Virginia Woolf. London Vintage, 1997.Squier, Susan M. Women Writers and the City Essays in Feminist Literary Criticism. Ed. Susan M. Squier. Knoxville U of Tennessee P, 1984. 114--33. Virginia Woolf as Feminist and a Psychoanalyst Essay -- Biography BiogVirginia Woolf as Feminist and a Psychoanalyst When first introduced to the feminist and psychoanalytical approaches to literary criticism, it seems obvious that the two methods are opposed to each other at the very least, one method -the psychoanalytic - would ap pear antagonistic to feminism. After all, there is much in Freuds earlier theories that a feminist would find appalling. It also seems to be a conflict that the feminists are winning as feminist criticism gains in popularity, the psychoanalytic approach has apparently fallen into disfavour within the academic community. However, Freuds theories and psychological models continue to survive, and evolve, to the point where even certain feminists - namely the French - have employed aspects of Freuds theories to further their own studies. Critics such as Leclerc and Duras employ Freuds concept of the Oedipal Complex in their search for lcriture feminine - a style of uniquely-feminine writing found in the pre-Oedipal stage that exists before the tyrannical foot of the father (the patriarchy) stamps it out. This is Psychoanalytic Theory and Feminism working together, to gain new insights into literature, old and new. Take, for instance, the works of Virginia Woolf both the ps ychoanalyst and the feminist can find much of interest within her short stories and novels. Woolf is an important figure for feminists not only was she one of the first female writers to gain the recognition she deserved during her own lifetime, but certain of her works, such as The Angel in the House and A Room of Ones Own, were important and ground-breaking achievements in the female literary field. Feminist critics would approach Woolfs stories and essays by ... ...eminist, or a marxist, or even a deconstructionalist, even if but for a moment, by using multiple methods of literary analysis, a deeper and more fulfilling understanding of the text can be achieved.Works ConsultedBlain, Virginia. Narrative Voice and the Female Perspective in Virginia Woolfs Early Novels. Virginia Woolf New Critical Essays. Ed. Patricia Clements and Isobel Grundy. London Vision, 1983. 115-36.Fisher, Jane Elizabeth. The Seduction of the Father Virginia Woolf and Leslie Stephen. Womens Studies 18 (199 0) 31-48.Hill, Katherine C. Virginia Woolf and Leslie Stephen History and Literary Revolution. PMLA 96.3 (1981) 351-62.Lee, Hermione. Virginia Woolf. London Vintage, 1997.Squier, Susan M. Women Writers and the City Essays in Feminist Literary Criticism. Ed. Susan M. Squier. Knoxville U of Tennessee P, 1984. 114--33.

Performance Management Reality Check Essay -- Business, Goals, Functi

How many of the 14 characteristics of an ideal system are present in the system you are evaluating? The Womens option Center at Southern Oregon University is currently using a performance management system that I call back has present all 14 characteristics. As a small organization doing work that is at many levels personal, our performance management system is one of the most highly held emergencees of our jobs. Our work at the Womens Resource Center calls for us to express ourselves, voice our opinions and beliefs, stand up and fight for change, and engage in our work emotionally. Due to the level at which we adhesive friction our jobs close to our hearts, evaluating our performance and gaining feedback on the work we are doing is extremely important not only for our management but likewise for the employees.Our individual goals must be aligned with organizational goals. As the goal of our work is to improve the lives of women and girls, our organization would not function if individual goals were anything other than that exactly. Our work is deeply rooted in the passion and motivation of the employees and volunteers involved regarding this goal. We are working as activists who are seeking and creating change and see no limits to the differences we can make personally in our community, region, and even globally. (Aguinis, 2009) The system is thorough as each employee is evaluated every school term and all major job responsibilities are included in the evaluation. there are three steps to the system. The first step is a self evaluation form that is filled out by the employee and acts as a mechanism for self-reflection. The second step is an informal evaluation with the staff manager. The final step is the formal evaluation with the coordinat... ... bad idea to have a process displace out. For our system to become much ideal we should develop a rating system that minimizes subjective aspects and does not rely so heavily of human judgement. We should also develop an appeals process that is formal in which employee that feel an error has been made may be able to challenge unjust decisions and correct errors. (Aguinis, 2009) I believe that the managers and the coordinator should work together to develop the appeals process and then bring the process to the staff to gather opinions, and feedback. I believe that the coordinator knows best how the process would be more efficient and effective but I would also want to hear from the staff to make sure the process makes sense and is accessible from their perspective. This is a process that really needs to work on both ends of the organization for it to be effective.

goals :: essays research papers

GoalsHow to Get Everything You Want Faster Than You Ever Thought PossibleThere they are, the twenty-one most important principles of inclination setting and goal achieving ever discovered. Your regular review and pr procedureice of these principles will enable you to live an extraordinary life. Nothing can stop you now. Good luckChapter 1 unlock Your Potential Always remember that your true potential is unlimited. Whatever you have accomplished in life up to now has only been preparation for the awing things you can accomplish in the future.1.Imagine that you have the inborn ability to achieve any goal you could ever set for yourself. What do you really insufficiency to be, have, and do?2.What are the activities that give you your greatest sense of meaning and purpose of life?3.Look at your personal and work life today and signalise how you own thinking has created your world. What should you or could you change?4.What do you think and talk about most of the timewhat you ina dequacy or what you dont want?5.What is the price you have to pay to achieve the goals that are most important to you?6.What one action should you take immediately as the result of your answers to the above questions?Chapter 2 Take Charge of Your Life You are completely responsible for everything you are today, for everything you think, say, and do, and for everything you become from this moment forward. Refuse to make excuses or to blame others. Instead, make upgrade toward your goals every day.1.Identify your biggest problem or source of negativity in life today. In what ways are you responsible for this situation?2.See yourself as the president of your own company. How would you act differently if you owned 100 percent of the shares?3.Resolve today to stop blaming anyone else for anything and instead accept complete responsibility in every area of your life. What actions should you be taking?4.Stop making excuses and start making progress. Imagine that your favorite excuses ha ve no basis in fact, and act accordingly.5.See yourself as the primary creative force in your own life. You are where you are and what you are because of your own choices and decisions. What should you change?6.Resolve today to free anyone who has ever hurt you in any way. Let it go. Refuse to discuss it again. Instead, get so busy working on something that is important to you that you dont have time to think about it again.

goals :: essays research papers

GoalsHow to Get Everything You Want Faster Than You Ever Thought PossibleThere they argon, the 21 most important principles of terminus setting and goal achieving ever discovered. Your regular review and practice of these principles will enable you to live an extraordinary life sentence. Nothing gouge go you now. Good luckChapter 1 Unlock Your Potential Alship canal remember that your true potential is unlimited. Whatever you have accomplished in life up to now has only been preparation for the amazing things you can accomplish in the future.1.Imagine that you have the inborn ability to achieve any goal you could ever set for yourself. What do you really want to be, have, and do?2.What are the activities that give you your greatest sense of meaning and purpose of life?3.Look at your personal and work life today and identify how you own thinking has created your world. What should you or could you change?4.What do you think and talk about most of the successionwhat you want or what you dont want?5.What is the price you have to pay to achieve the goals that are most important to you?6.What one action should you scan immediately as the result of your answers to the above questions?Chapter 2 Take Charge of Your Life You are completely responsible for everything you are today, for everything you think, say, and do, and for everything you become from this moment forward. discard to make excuses or to blame others. Instead, make progress toward your goals every day.1.Identify your biggest problem or source of negativity in life today. In what ways are you responsible for this situation?2.See yourself as the president of your own company. How would you act differently if you owned 100 percent of the shares?3.Resolve today to stop blaming anyone else for anything and instead accept complete responsibility in every area of your life. What actions should you be taking?4.Stop making excuses and start making progress. Imagine that your preferent excuses have no basis in fact, and act accordingly.5.See yourself as the primary creative force in your own life. You are where you are and what you are because of your own choices and decisions. What should you change?6.Resolve today to forgive anyone who has ever hurt you in any way. Let it go. Refuse to discuss it again. Instead, get so engross working on something that is important to you that you dont have time to think about it again.

Leadership and Entrepreneur Essay

Leadership and entrepreneurship start pop become more popular recently so that many an(prenominal) researchers have been studied close to these subjects and tried to find out their interpretations and constitution (Northouse, 2007 Kuratko and Hod contractts, 2007 and Deakins and Freel, 2009). It cannot be denied that there argon a huge amount of bulk having leadinghip and entrepreneurship characteristic. In order to have a look closer close the leadership and entrepreneurship, the author pull up stakes take the case of Conrad Hilton as an example to evaluate.However, before doing that, some significant leadership and entrepreneurship theories such(prenominal) as definitions and characteristics of several(predicate) approaches provide be retreaded critically. This search will be divided into three parts. It will commence with theories of leadership and then cogitate on entrepreneurship and the last part will combine the theories with term of actual life by judging th e characteristics of Conrad Hilton about his leadership and entrepreneurship characteristics. The first part aims to re debate leadership theories critically. It includes definitions, distinctive approaches and variety of factors that impact on leadership.There are a number of variant definitions about leadership have been published (Stogdill, 1974). gibe to Northouse (2007), they are divided into six types such as focus of group crop, individualisedity perspective, act or behavior, power relationship, transformational answer and skills perspective. However, Northouse (2007) states that there are iv comp iodinents such as leadership is a act leadership involves influence leadership occurs in a group context and leadership involves goal gainment play a role as foundation for all of types.Based on this foundation, the widely accepted definition about leadership can be defined as follow a process whereby an individual influences a group of individuals to achieve a earthy goal (Northouse, 2007, p. 3) and this is also the suitable one related to discussion in this essay. From this definition, it can be seen that leadership is an interaction behavior between leaders and pursuit as well as this the definition also indicates the important of the factor influence. It is clear that without this factor, leadership will not exist.However, this factor does not only stand for the power of leader with followers scarce also followers with leader because this is two-way relationship. In addition, the plump for factor should be considered is group. Whatever the size and type of group such as a community, an organization or a small group, leadership can only occur in context of group. Although each person in each group can have polar individual purpose, they still have the same goal and they influence each other to achieve that common goal. Obviously, common goal is one part of leadership.Last but not least, this definition of leadership considered attendance of go als. This convey leadership has to guide the group achieve the goals. As can be seen from this definition, leadership can be any member in the group, it is not a particular person. This means in the process going to achieve common goals of the group, anyone can be a leader and has influence on others. According to Northouse (2007) the leader of a group has five aboriginal characteristics such as soci force, intelligence, self- confident, determination and integrity.Those five key traits have been utilized in order to adjudge employees leadership skills. The following issue of leadership theory is leaderships nature. As the same situation with leadership definition, its nature also has a several opinions. Authors such as Jago (1982), Bass (1990), Burns (1978), demon and Van Til (1983), Hollander (1992) considered leadership as a process, period author such as Bryman (1992) defined it as traits. Among those authors, some of them approached leadership as a liberal situation where as others viewed it as an assigned one.As a viewpoint of Bryman (1992) seeing leadership as traits, considered leadership as ones property and incompatible people will have different level of leadership (Northouse, 2007). As the result, following this view, leader can be seen as born-talented and it seems could not be learnt. This view will make people unconfident and do not have motive to develop their leadership skills. The second concern about the nature of leadership is the bank bill between the view of assigned and the view of rising in leadership. With the view assigned, leadership is understood as the one in a position of a formal organization.For instance, course leader or dean of a department. However, it can be seen that in some cases, assigned leadership is not the real leader of the group. In contrary view, leader can be anyone who can influence people in a group whenever he has an occupying position or not. It is emergent leadership and there are two points of view about the emergent leadership. On the one hand, some authors state that personal traits will make the point. That means the person who has brilliant brain, confident and dominant performance will become a emergent leader (Smith and Foti, 1998).On the other hand, other researchers point out that the emergent leader is the person who is sociable and always seeking others opinion (Fisher,1974) Finally, thinking about two concepts of leadership and management, comparing some aspects of two of them, people will confuse whether it is different or not because they have many common things. For example, human and their relationship will be the center of both concepts. In addition, achieving one or more common goals is the purpose of the two concepts. Moreover, two concepts involve process.In brief, many functions of management are also mentioned when envisaged about leadership. However, the nature of the two concepts can prove that they are two different concepts. Kotter (1990) cited in Nort house (2007,) shows that the order and consistency of organizations is the primary function that provide by management while change and movement of organizations is the primary function of leadership. This means management seems to be more ordered and stable, whereas leadership is about looking for adaptive and constructive change.The second part is about entrepreneurship. The same situation with leadership, entrepreneurship also has a huge amount of definitions and descriptions that over the decades, authors such as Bowen and Hisrich, 1996 Morrison, 2000 Deakins and Freel, 2006 try to clarify (Kuratko and hodgetts, 2007). For instance, Schumpeter (1951) indicates that entrepreneurship is one of aspects of leadership in the wide context. Meanwhile Shapero (1975) states that entrepreneurship is a type of behavior such as risk taker, innovator and visionary.However, the most used definition by many authors when talking about entrepreneurship is the process of creating something new wi th value by devoting the necessary time and effort assuming the accompanying financial, psychic, and social risk and uncertainties, and receiving the resulting rewards of monetary and personal satisfaction. This definition was written in the text book of Baron and Shane (2008), Hisrich et al. (2010) and Kuratko and Hodgetts (2007) Seeing inside entrepreneurship, it is easily to discover that there are some different theories written about its nature over decades (Kuratko and Hodgetts, 2007).In order to evaluate, the two approaches will be used are School of thought approach and process approach. On the one hand, the first approach called condition of thought divided entrepreneurship into six different activities such as environment, financial, traits, venture opportunity, strategic formulation. This essay will look into each activity in order to have a clear concept about its nature. First of all, Van de Ven (1993) state that environment school of thought viewpoint is external elem ents could affect entrepreneur.For example, the social group or socio-political that the entrepreneurs join in can influence them not only in despotic way but also in negative way. Secondly, when raise the idea about financial school of thought, Brophu and Shulman (2002) indicated that entrepreneurship present based on capital-seeking process. This can be understand because This school of thought views the entire entrepreneurial venture from a financial management standpoint (Brophy and Shulman, 2002 cited in Kuratko and Hodgetts, 2007, p. 38). This view expresses that financial essential for a development of entrepreneur.Thirdly, traits in entrepreneur are the school of thought that has been researched the most (Shaver and Scott, 2004). This view considered that the success of entrepreneurs come from the characteristic such as achievement, creativity, determination and proficient knowledge (Shaver and Scott, 2004). In this school of thought, it can be found the two opposite point . Aronsson (2004) believes in the element of entrepreneurship such as creative and challenging. In this view, he seems to be except education factor in entrepreneur development.Contrasting this point, Katz (2004) states that entrepreneur can be made by education. The positive of this point is that it will motivate people in learning to become entrepreneur based on the education and training program. This is very important to enhance entrepreneurship (Katz, 2004 cited in Kuratko and Hodgetts, 2007). speculation opportunity is another school of thought and it concentrates on the opportunity aspect of venture development. It means if someone want to be a successful entrepreneur, he/she must has the awareness of market and be creativity (Kuratko and Hodgetts, 2007).Last but not least, some researchers have been focused on strategic formulation (Steiner, 1979 Lyles, 2001 Hitt et al. , 2001). In this school of thought, the successful development of entrepreneur cannot be absent of the pla nning process and this must be uniqueness (Kuratko and Hodgetts, 2007). On the other hand, Morris et al. (1994) indicate that process approach also has some point of view such as integrative, assessment and multidimensional. While there are different approaches and it looking in to different aspect of ntrepreneurship, Kuratko and Hodgetts (2007) wrote that the common aim of those approach is to describe the entrepreneurial process as a consolidation of diverse factors (p43) In order to have a comprehensive context about entrepreneurship to adjudge the selected person, some other theories will be added besides the two approaches ways discussed above. For instance, entrepreneur is defined as whom nippy to profitable opportunities for exchange (Kirzner cited in Deakins and Freel, 2009) whereas Schumpeter (2009) viewed it as an innovator.The view of Kirzner make everybody can be an entrepreneur while Schumpeter think that only person who has modified ability can be entrepreneur (Deaki ns and Freel, 2009). Looking into two viewpoint above, it is easily see that Kirzners view is better because people can have motivation to become entrepreneur. There are also having a lot of conceptualized of entrepreneur of other authors such as Stokes and Wilson, Drucker. However, the most common entrepreneur approach is the trait approach.The trait approach indicate that there are five popular personality of entrepreneur need for achievement, need for autonomy, self-belief, risk-taking and locus of control (McClelland 1961 Getz, Morrison & Carlsen 2004 Wu 1989 Stokes and Wilson 2006 Drucker 1995 Brockhaus & Horwitz 1986 ). Based on those theories, the author will apply on Conrad Hilton. The essays author notices that although Conrad Hilton has both skills and traits in terms of leadership and entrepreneurship, it is easily seeing that his entrepreneurship skills seem to outgo his leadership ones (Baird, 2004).In fact, no one can deny Hiltons entrepreneurship abilities because of clearly evidences. This is illustrated in Bairds research that he tends to do his business in different ways with very good vision and high level of self-believe. Baird (2004) indicates that in 1950s when a platoon of hotels in Washington, New York and Chicago could not get the profit and led to loss, Hilton bought them then operated and got the profit from them.In addition, a magic formula of financial management standards was guided to set in all hotel departments by Hilton in order to reducing costs as well as increasing profits when guest services are remained and enhanced. Moreover, after the World state of war I, Conrad Hilton was always seeking new opportunities for his business. In 1919, when visiting the Texas town of Cisco, he quickly realized the oil fields and railroad travelers were the new potential business. thought process about the experience of operated familys hotels in New Mexico, he can make Mobley Hotel operation better so that he bought it instead of a loc al Cisco bank.His business seems very profitable when his hotel averaged 300% occupancy and its profit can make him have enough money to buy the second hotels in Fort Worth despite of the 1920 depression (the Melba, in October 1919). After that, he continued bought two others small Texas hotels. By the end of 1923, the hotels room operation in Texas was 530. During the stock market crash in 1929, as many other Americans hotel, Hilton hotels performed poorly and was going to bankruptcy, however, instead of declaring bankruptcy, he challenged his business again by making a financial agreement with the National Hotels Corporation.Once again, his business was imaging successful and money earned from that business allowed him to pay score all his loans before. Strand (1951) supposes that the efficient Hilton magic formula management system has kept the hotels profitable even with low occupancy. All of those evidences present Conrad Hilton entrepreneurship skills including doing things in different way, need for achievement, need for autonomy, self-belief, risk-taking and locus of control as mentioned in the theories review part above.Moreover, the most clear and convince evidence is that Comfort (1964) has considered Hilton as an external entrepreneur (Baird, 2004). By contrast, although it is though that he is also a leader, there are very limited references mentioned this aspect of him. From the resources have been found by the essay author, only Baird (2004) states that Hilton played a leadership role in support of an economic mean sand a philosophical approach to achieving world ataraxis(Baird 2004, p. 3). As a result, he became not only a business leader but also a statesman with access to world leaders (Baird 2004, p. ).According to theories above, it can be said that he belongs to assigned leader because he is not only a chairman in his hotel organization but also a statesman in American political system. However, combining with the process of getting suc cessful in his life in which many his special traits have been presented, it could be said that he also has potential to become an emergent leader without any formal position. To be brief, it is clear that the controversy about leadership and entrepreneurship will never last among writers over years.Although those theories above are a small part of the giant knowledge about leadership and entrepreneurship and they are not really holistic, they still can be seen as the best core knowledge of these fields. Therefore, the evaluation of skills and ability about leadership and entrepreneurship of Conrad Hilton in cordial reception and tourism industry based on these theories is acceptable. In the discussion above, it can be stated that Conrad Hilton is not only an entrepreneur but also a leader specially assigned leader. However, his entrepreneurship is out weight of leadership.

Gendered Societal Expectations of Appearance and Their Effects Upon the Individual Essay

It has long been generally accepted that we as humans are influenced greatly by the things that surround our everyday lives. These things can allow friends, family, co-workers, the media and unconstipated confederation as a unscathed. The society in which people live can play a huge role in how they experience themselves and how they view others. Over the years researchers have come up with many theories as to how and why society has much(prenominal) a large influence on people. Now-a-days there are appearance prescriptions for everything in our society.It is not good to be too fat, but it is not good to be too skinny either. The mood a person looks, dresses and acts is a large factor in how other people will think about, talk about and respond to them. These social prescriptions withal dissimilariate between other factors such as gender, race, take aim of education and more. Interestingly near of these prescriptions for appearance in society today are relatively unspoke n until someone violates them.This paper will attempt to shed some light on the complex social prescriptions regarding personal appearance and body vision more specifically it will delve into how those prescriptions are gendered within society and how people respond both positively and electronegatively to those prescriptions. As previously verbalise appearance prescriptions are very strong in our society especially when it comes to societal expectations regarding gender.These gendered expectations cause people to do all types of things for the sole purpose of try-on in to societal norms. just about women exercise religiously to of importtain a good looking body, other women go whipstitching regularly because they think it is embarrassing, or even unacceptable, to be pale there are also many men who do the same things for the same reasons. While looking good is not a bad thing sometimes these societal prescriptions, or expectations, can cause people to go too far.When people are not fit with themselves and their appearance they can become desperate and have feelings of inadequacy about their physical appearance. These feelings of inadequacy can lead to depression or making perverting decisions which can include but are not limited to over-eating or even eating disorders such as anorexia or bulimia. There have been many studies done on the relationships between societal pressures to be thin and body dissatisfaction among both men and women.One such subscribe to, from the University of Texas at Austin that studied the set up of tender pressure to be thin on women said that These same pernicious mess get along withs (that one is not thin enough) are thought to foster negative affect, because appearance is a central evaluative dimension for women in Western culture (Stice, 2003). This breeding tested what sources most influence societal expectations of appearance and the disagreeent ways those expectations can negatively affect women (Stice, 2003).I t concluded that some of the biggest social pressures to be thin come from the mass media, family members and peers (Stice, 2003). It also concluded that the negative set up of these social pressures can go in two different directions, this is not to say that women negatively affected cannot fall victim to both types of effects (Stice, 2003). A synopsis of this study could say that societal expectations to be thin often create body dissatisfaction within women (Stice, 2003).This body dissatisfaction, which can often lead to depression, much leads to either restrictive dieting or binge eating. Restrictive dieting, while not bad in itself, can lead to unhealthy eating habits such as eating disorders, laxative abuse or other methods of losing weight that can be extremely pernicious to the person practicing them, and binge eating because it is normally recollectd that eating provides comfort and distraction from negative emotions (Stice, 2003).A similar experiment, coming from the Un iversity of Toronto, studied the relationship between body image and depression among adolescents regarding adiposity (Chaiton, 2009). This study suggests that body dissatisfaction may mediate the relationship between overweight and depression (Chaiton, 2009). It goes on to suggest that the relationship found between obesity and depression is tell by gender because of the difference in societal expectations placed on women and men (Chaiton, 2009).The study concluded that females experience body dissatisfaction almost solely when they believe they are overweight, whereas both males who believe that they are under or overweight experience body dissatisfaction which can in all cases lead to some level of depression (Chaiton, 2009). As the aforementioned study showed societal expectations concerning appearance can, and often do, affect men just as much as they do women (Chaiton, 2009). Our society pushes men to be big, muscular and manly. To certain degree the more muscular a man is th e more attractive he generally is within society.A study from an international journal regarding social behavior and personality concluded that the attractiveness of a man is more important in determining social desirability than the age of the man in question (Perlini, 2001). Comparatively the results of these two studies add up to say that the attractiveness of a man is one of the main factors in determining societal desirability and one of the biggest factors in macrocosm attractive is being muscular or strong. This puts a lot of pressure on males to be concerned with how they look in comparison to societys expectations of how they should look.There are numerous different theories as to why societal expectations differ between genders, but none that can definitively explain why prescriptions concerning appearance are the way they are (i. e. women should be skinny and men should be muscular). Some theorists take a biological approach saying that something within the genetic makeu p of human beings causes men to be larger and more muscular and as well causes women to be smaller and skinnier therefore it is innate within human beings to prefer women to be skinnier and men to be more muscular.Other theories use a gang of nature, a biological approach, and nurture, an approach that says how and where people are raised effects how they view the world, to explain why there is such a gendered difference in societal expectations. While still others use strictly nurture based theories to explain these differences. An experiment from Colby College testing the wittingness of preschoolers to societal expectations of gender showed that by the age of five or six humans can easily differentiate between what society expects differently of men than of women (Raag, 1998).Granted this study tested the societal expectations of gender based on toys (tools and dishes) and how the children themselves reacted to the toys as well as how the children thought others (parents, babys itters, friends, etc. ) would react to them playing with the aforementioned toys (Raag, 1998). On the whole the children were able to break that the tools were for boys to play with and the dishes were for girls the children also, with no hesitation, said that boys playing with dishes or girls playing with tools would often be responded to negatively by parents or babysitters or the like.That means that while this study cannot shed light on the societal expectations of strength versus thinness it does give some credence to the nurture side of the theories mentioned earlier (Raag, 1998). In summation the societal expectations of appearance can have both positive and negative effects upon people. Society pushes for women to be thin, but not too thin and for men to be muscular, but not too muscular. Society pushing people to be in shape is not a bad thing studies have shown that being physically fit is not only good for people physically, but also mentally.When people feel attractive it boosts their confidence and self-esteem which has been proven to outgrowth mental health. It just happens to be that some of the anxiety or stress put upon people to look good to others can cause them to do harmful things to themselves and others. For instance constant pressure from the media and other outside influences to be skinny and tan has led countless females to have eating disorders and go artificial tanning all the time, neither of which are conducive to being physically healthy.Those same influences have led to countless males developing eating disorders as well to support weight or even start using all types of drugs, that harm themselves and can harm, or cause them to harm, others, such as anabolic steroids or pro-hormonal supplements merely to gain muscle mass at unnatural and unhealthy rates. The best thing anyone can do to help society as a whole to resist unhealthy expectations regarding appearance is to spread awareness. It may sounds overplayed but awareness about a problem and the education necessary to fix or even just alleviate that problem is always to first step to solving that problem.At the end of every abovementioned study the researchers conducting the study talked about the significance, or splendor of that study, and every single researcher included somewhere in that section that raising awareness about the issue at hand was one of the most significant aspects to their respective studies. This is because being aware and educated about a problem is one of the most important and fundamental ways to confront a problem especially one of this magnitude. This problem will never be solved if society as a whole does not become aware of, and change, how it effects peoples everyday lives regarding physical appearance.

Barriers to Critical Thinking Essay

Identify three barriers that influence your thinking and write at least 100 words for each, describing how you flush toilet overcome them. 1. Self-Concept is one of the three barriers that influence my thinking. Self-Concept is the sort a person views themselves. It can be unhealthy if a person sees themselves in a negative light. Such as non being very intelligent, not thinking you are attractive, or even maybe that you simply gullt matter. This is a struggle for me because when you watch television you see what the ideal woman is supposed to look like. Which causes me to feel like I am not very pretty, or that certain qualities about me should be changed. I sometimes do not feel very smart either and this can give way a problem.It can make a person depressed and unable to shed light on other things and to think clear. or so ways I could overcome this is by looking into getting some anti-depressants, but those will not work alone. I could write a list of things that are full about myself, and pay myself compliments every day. Another thing I do is look up pictures of these beautiful women minus the photo shop, and expensive airbrush make up they use. I also like to think I am beautiful because I have a man that thinks the world of me.2. egotism Defenses is another one of my barriers. Ego Defenses are psychological coping skills that will distort reality in order to protect themselves from guilt, anxiety, and other bad feelings. Some of the more basic ones that impact on our thinking are denial, projection, and rationalization. (Definition was taken from book) When I was 18 years old to 20 years old and even-tempered living in Michigan I never wanted to face the fact that I was lazy and suffering from being an alcoholic. I thought that besides because I wasnt dependent on alcohol that I did not have a problem.I spent my days drinking till I went to bed with friends, and then going to sleep waking up and doing it all over again. Maybe a day or two out of the hebdomad I would have for recovery. I blamed everyone else but myself for not going and getting a job or bettering my life. I moved to Georgia proper before I turned 21 and I got my life on track, got a job, and started college. I still have a problem with being lazy, or I would rather go every Saturday to my parents house next door and drink till 3 in the morning instead of doing my homework. It gets in the way of my thinking even though it is only one time a week.

Discussion Boards Hsa 520

Has 505 The major online computer goods such as Health Grades, America Online Inc. , and WebMD provide health news and medical and health forums where users batch access medical libraries, exchange messages, and discuss health problems. In what ways might the growing use of these services by consumers affect future strategies for Family practitioners? HMOs? applied science refers to the innovations or inventions from applied science and research. According to the book, adult use of the net profit as a health instruction source has increased dramatically.A bent of people use the Internet to find out different diseases and illness. From a family practitioner perspective use of the Internet could be a god thing. intimately people find their health fright providers from the Internet and also find out about health care issues. The Internet sites allow patients to gain fellowship about what is going on with their health and help solve questions they might have. Health care covera ge through the use of an HMO costs less(prenominal) than comparable traditional health insurance, with a trade-off of limitations on the range of treatments available.HMO might view the internet site as an advantage because thats where majority of people to research information and this could better help HMO reach out to the general population. They can get information from potential health care seekers based off the information they are providing on the sites, it could also help them use advertise strategies to put information out there to people. Internet sites have their advantages and their disadvantages but it seems there are more advantages than not.A primary care medical conclave has a list of patients who had once use the group on a regular basis as their primary source of care. However, in scanning their records, these patients had not been in for an appointment in the past deuce (2) years. The senior partner wants to send them an informational flyer about the practice and a refrigerator magnet that has the groups telephone number and after-hours service number. As the marketing director for the practice, evaluate this approach in light of the HIPAA regulations.Is it acceptable to implement this marketing plan under the current regulations? Explain your answer. HIPPA is used to facilitate health insurance portability, protect patient security and privacy of information, and further reduce health care fraud and abuse. HIPPA requires all health care providers to have patient consent for access to their medical records or information. According to the book, data will need to be aggregated so that medical information cannot be attached to names and addresses of individual patients. Patient identifiable information cannot be use of marketing items.Under the current regulations there are or so marketing strategies that can take place but it cannot have any patient information if it is not related to treatment or payment of their care. If the cheek does n ot have the consent of the individuals to use their information that I dont think that it would be acceptable. Has 520 Discuss the factors that should be considered when developing a tenacious IM / IT strategy. Explain your rationale. Information systems should support the strategic goals, and objectives, and priorities of the organization they serve.The factors that should be considered when developing a consistent IM/IT strategy are 1. Aligning IM/IT with organizational strategy This is outstanding because there is a need for interrelationships among IM/IT, the rest of the organization and the external environment. 2. Developing IM/IT infrastructure, architecture, and policies This plan should identify the major types of information required to support strategic objectives and uphold priorities for installation for computer activitys. 3.Setting IM/IT project priorities, and overseeing investments The organization needs to be aware of the investments and where their money is go ing and for what projects it is going to. They have to bound boundaries and have set priorities. 4. Using IM/IT benefits assessment to enhance accountability Accountability is very important to any organization. Knowing what they have and what they are missing is very vital. Analyze the mixed approaches to reviewing software and hardware standards and make at least three recommendations for improvement.Provide specific examples to support your response. Three recommendations for the various approaches to reviewing software and hardware standards are 1. info compatibility-use of common codes and data definitions for electronic information exchange across an organization. Its important that any organization make sure the soft ware and hardware is congenial to the systems they are trying to use. 2. Central review ensures that hardware and software will ne of a type that can receive technical support and bread and butter from the information system staff. . Central review can help p revent illegal use of unlicensed software within the organization. Integration discusses the advantages and disadvantages of end-user computing and determines if this is an application that should be progressively pursued. Explain your rationale. End-user computing offers the potential to expand the base of IM/IT development and overcome issues that arise when a low priority is assigned to received applications that are nevertheless viewed as important to units within the organization.Some of the advantages of end user computing are overcoming shortages of professionals, establishment of user friendly and responsive systems, and overcoming execution of instrument problems. Some other advantages are the systems tailored to users, enables creative use of IS, generates competitive advantage, overcomes backlog by providing systems that IS could not get round to doing, puts users nearer the information, allows for variety, Increases user sentiency of IS, and Relieves work load of IT p rofessional.The disadvantages are that they produce inappropriate systems, causes duplication, takes users away from their real job, ignores long range and technical issues, courts disaster due to lack of attention to procedures, and causes desegregation problems. From the e-Activity, discuss what additional challenges exist with systems integration between / among health care organizations and possible solutions to those challenges.

Information Communication Technology Ethics Essay

Reflection (1)Philosophy & Ethics allows us to breakout of prejudices and harmful habits that we held since we were too young or too nave to know break-dance. Also allows us to see and appreciate separate views of the world and study it to see the consequences of our views, because what we think & know efficacy not be right spotty. What is Ethics? Ethics deals with what we should and should not do, what acts are good and wrong . Ethics in my point of view is a very crucial yet bare-ass controversial topic (Fluffy?).As humans there are defiantly dos and donts since the day of our birth, barely since this is molded and inferred by 1s culture, community, circumstances.These rules prevail to change from mavin place to another (region, family culture, religion), also from times to others (eras). It is important to have ethics in our lives to co-exist as humans and have predictable consequences. The difficult part is the lovesome part, where the people are not open enough for cha nge, sometimes not open minded enough for simply discussing their ethics, banks or their code of life, and just compulsion to impose desires, culture, any form of ethics on others who dont want to pursue (you cant please everyone when it comes to ethics). I in-personly follow somewhat a mixture of Deontological, virtue Ethics.Reflection (2)There is a difference between your molarity and your professional righteousness, where your morality doesnt it ever corresponds to the morality that your profession dictates. On the other hand the reason that a person would chooses a certain profession is because of its attractive value system that matches his/her morality and values, but its not always the case as discussed in class some people have the ability to switch entirely between their personal and professional lives, and some might be put in a position that opposes their morality and they are fully responsible for their actions and fully aware of the consequences that might follow .Ethics in information communicating technology discipline is quite new, mainly because the major advancement in this system is fairly new as well, where its constantly changing and developing. The discipline now also occupied a huge rule in our daily lives, where we are almost always in contact with technology from the moment we wake up till the moment we sleep.Digital media significantly now alters our ethical responsibility on one another, because now we live in the digital world we cant assume that our ways work for everyone, since the world not too long ago wasnt that close, actions and data didnt travel that fast, people and cultural ethics were preserved and rarely affected. In the meantime now data is flying everywhere the once local is now global in minutes maybe seconds and its just too soon unstudied cultural shocks and misunderstanding carry on more often, but with this misunderstanding with the right people is corrected for good and others misconceived for good. By t hese experiences some therefore ethically knowing the cultural difference would tend to rethink before doing something offensive or controversial to avoid troubles.Reflections (3)Privacywe are our data I do believe that. I also believe that if we are our data we cant be denied the freedom of using, sharing or hiding it, because its a part of you. In this era of calculator technology our data can be our thoughts regardless it might be moral or not it still belong to us, where in any other age than ours, it would have been kept the way you choose it to be, but now you cant help but to feel stalked or judged. The undirected malleable greased data privacy is a two edged sword, it can protect from evil and can cause evil and casualty. And since evil and misfortune always exists and always will, the way it was before is kn proclaim, which the freedom of our privacy choices is and that is because it will at least control one known evil which is this data misuse.Reflections (4) intellige nt freedom is a basic human right for all humans of all cultures and believes. This freedom has to be respected and protected universally. Furthermore I believe even if this is a basic human right, it must not be abused, and thats where ethics and morality acts in, because even though you are entitled to your own opinion the person must bear in mind that words are very powerful and can do harm.The controversy between censoring and intellectual freedom, where one of the requirements of intellectual freedom to be fulfilled is that the society makes an equal commitment to the right of unrestricted access to information and ideas regardless of the communication medium used, the content of the work/and the viewpoints of both the author and receiver of information.

Project of Consumer Perception on Branded Shirts

CONSUMER learning AND tick taste FOR indemnity mark SHIRTS. CONSUMER lore AND leaf blade tasting FOR agio brand SHIRTS A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF MBA DEGREE OF BANGALORE UNIVERSITY. SUBMITTED BY VIKRANT JAGANNATH Reg. none 04XQCM6118 UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF PROFESSOR JAI RAJ NAIR M. P. BIRLA INSTITUTE OF way (ASSOCIATE BHARATIYA VIDYA BHAVAN) BANGALORE 560001 1 CONSUMER wisdom AND denounce PREFERENCE FOR bounty mark SHIRTS. DECLARATIONI herewith decl atomic add up 18 that the seek work embodied in this dissertation entitled CONSUMER intelligence AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR indemnity BRANDED SHIRTS has been carried out by me under the guidance and supervision of Professor Jai Raj Nair, M. P. B. I. M. , Bangalore. I also declare that this dissertation has not been submitted to any University or Institution for the award of any Degree or Diploma. Place Bangalore Date 2nd June 2006 VIKRANT JAGANNATH (O4XQCM6118) 2 CONSUMER information AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS.CERTIFICATE I hereby certify that the research work embodied in the dissertation entitled CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS has been undertaken and completed by Vikrant Jagannath under my guidance and supervision. I also certify that he has fulfilled exclusively the require manpowerts under the covenant judicature the submission of dissertation to the Bangalore University for the award of MBA degree. Place Bangalore (Prof. Jai Raj Nair) nd Date 2 June 2006 3CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. CERTIFICATE I hereby certify that this dissertation is an offshoot of the research work undertaken and completed by VIKRANT JAGANNATH under the guidance of, Professor Jai Raj Nair M. P. B. I. M. Bangalore. . Place Bangalore Date 2nd June 2006 (Dr. N. S. Malavalli) Principal, MPBIM 4 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. AC KNOWLEDGEMENTS I am happy to express my gratitude to Dr. N. S. Malavalli, (Principal, M. P.Birla Institute of Management), for their encouragement, guidance and many an other(a)(prenominal) valuable ideas imparted to me for my project. I suck out my sincere thanks to Professor Jai Raj Nair MPBIM, Bangalore for providing me all the learning required and the guidance by dint ofout the project without which this project would not vex been possible. I would also exchangeable to sincerely thank all my lecturers and my frigoals for their help in completing my project successfully. (VIKRANT JAGANNATH) Reg zero(prenominal) 04XQCM6105 5 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS.EXECUTIVE outline Consumer ken of styling issues and the convenience afforded by the produce to wear helped the carryy rent garment industriousness make small inroads into the domestic securities industry in 1980s. The total sales of enclothe wears this fiscal which would turn ou t to be about 30% of the total readymade market. The branded wear market has shown a substantial produce about 20% every year in recent times and is expected to contribute more than Rs90 jillion The research was conducted on the consumers of premium branded ready made formal fit outs in the city of Bangalore.The research due to the constraints of place, Time and Financial and other resources was restricted to Bangalore City alone. The research is aimed at understanding the pursual aspects cogitate to Consumer Perception and Brand P case For support Branded Readymade Formal dresss. This project deals with the nodes personal aspects alike occupation sex age group . It also deals with the customers temperament like the newspapers magazines and conglomerate factors that influence him while making a leverage of a formal fit out. It includes comparison of ix brands namely Van Heuisen, Louis Phillipe, cursor, Allen Solly, Zodiac and Park Avenue. The methodology followed is qu estionnaire method with a total sample coat of 50 respondents, The data is tabulated and graphically represented through and through histograms, pie-charts, line graphs etc. Findings and recommendations are listed at the end of this project. 6 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. FUTURE SCENARIO OF INDIAN TEXTILE INDUSTRY The agreement on frameworks and clothing would cease to equal from DEC. 31 2004 and textiles would be integrated into the WTO.This go away change the contours of the orbiculate textile trade as the key markets would be up for grabs for those supplying countries that have the combative returns. The textile manufactures realitywide are gearing up to face the post-2004 challenges. The Indian textile and clothing industry, undoubtedly a global textile powerhouse hither to constrain by the quotas, is expected to emerge stronger. It is expected by 2010, the Indian textile and apparel industry back end achieve a potential differe nce size of $ 85 billion from the current size of $ 36 billion. With a projected increase in per capita consumption from 19 meters to 32 meters, the domestic market potential would be $45 billion. ? On the domestic front, the fast growing economy and even faster growing middle class with advanceder disposable income have the potential to drive per capita consumption level increases and stimulate an 8% volume growth and an 9% value growth. ? Nearly 60% of the exports would comprise garments. ? Over 35%of Indias exports would be from textiles. ? Over 12 million new jobs would be created- 5 million jobs through direct employment in textile industry and another 7 million jobs in allied sectors. CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. India has all the key ingredients required to take advantage of the emerging opportunity. In segments like like textiles, Indias position is much stronger. The centre has initiated technology mission on cotton to improve produ ctivity, Quality of cotton and to reduce cost of cultivation to make cotton cultivation remunerative to farmers. A well-defined strategy will enable the textile industry to slant focus to value added products. The greatest value addition in the textile value chain s generated in the apparel segment. Apparel would therefore subscribe to be the main thrust segment. The focus on value addition will also automatically ensure development and growth of upstream segments of the textile value chain. Processing is the weakest links in the entire textile value chain though it is a critical segment that determines the whole step of the fabric or apparel. The government should create an enabling environment conductive to attracting large investments. It should focus and removing the system anomalies, develop infrastructure capabilities, develop port nfrastructure to handle large containerized vessels and affect to pursue reforms in the power sector at a faster pace to enable textile industr y to get quality power at competitive tariffs visa vise competing countries like China and PakistanEtc. In India, power cost is as high as 15% for gyrate mill around where as in neighboring competing countries it is around 7%. Unless government takes immediate measures to improve on this fronts textiles will suffer badly in years to come. The expansions are happening in keeping with the new projects coming up in weaving and processing. The spring 8CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. spinning capacity is likely to go up at least 1. 3 to 1. 4 millions spindies by next year. The cotton-spinning sector is also moving into value added yarns mercedised yarns, foreshorten yarns, dyed yarns. The production of the value added yarns will go up to 50% of the total yarn production in the coming three to four years. in that paying attention is no doubt that the textile industry is going to be a sunrise industry in post MFA (Multi Fibre Agreement) era. 9 CONSU MER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. THE rig-TO-WEAR REVOLUTIONTraditionally, Indians prefer custom made clothing and the concept of readymade is relatively recent one. the customized tailoring units were localize to the township or city that they were located in and catered exclusively to the domestic demand. Consumer awareness of styling issues and the convenience afforded by the ready to wear helped the readymade garment industry make small inroads into the domestic market in 1980s. A growing share of younger consumerism the spending universe, who are most open to converting to ready to wear, fueled the growth of the readymade garment industry in subsequent years.Increasing exposure to various media also provided an impetus in terms of greater access to fashion trends from outside the country. At the manufacturing end, improvements in the availability and quality of fabrics for apparel assisted in catering to the growing demand. 10 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. THE BRANDED WEAR MARKET The total sales of clothing wears this fiscal which would turn out to be about 30% of the total readymade market. The branded wear market has shown a substantial growth about 20% every year in recent times and is expected to contribute more than Rs90 billionTRENDS IN THE READY TO WEAR MARKET The overall mens wear market is growing at 6% in the premium segment. add up mens wear consumption in 2003-2004 is likely to be around 1405 million pieces of which 845 million (61%) will be ready-mades and 551 million (39%) will be tailor-made. 11 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. INTRODUCTION TO MARKETING CONCEPT Marketing is a comprehensive term and it includes all resources and a set of activities undeniable to direct and facilitate the flow of goods and services from the producer to the consumer in the process of distribution.Therefore trade as a functional area of management is be coming increasingly important as compared to other fields. In management, all decisions in modern craft organization revolve around the merchandise information. In modern avocation organization finance, personnel, production and R&D might be the door to success but marketing is the key with turns the lock. Consider any business decision, we find out the critical input needed for this purpose in the marketing information. This information can be collected and utilized using marketing research techniques.MEANING AND definition OF MARKETING RESEARCH The term marketing research is a systematic gathering, recording and analyzing of data about problems connected with the market place i. e. , problems relating to the product, price, promotion and tangible distribution of the marketing mix. Philip Kotler the marketing guru defines marketing research as Marketing research is a systematic design, line of battle, analysis and reporting of data and findings relevant to a specific marketin g situations facing the company. 12CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. OBJECTIVES OF MARKETING RESEARCH ? Marketing research is used in the formulation of all marketing plans, policies, programs and procedures. ? It is employed for evaluation of these plans, policies Etc when they are brought into practice. ? It is used in reducing and minimizing all marketing costs, crabbedly selling, advertising, promotion and distribution costs. ? Programs of marketing research incidentally provide insurance cover for the survival and growth of the business in a dynamic economy. Marketing management through research can bring about the sale of the estimable product, through right channels to the right customers at the right places, at the right prices by evolving right plans, polices, and programs with the help of the right personnel. ? The main objective of marketing research is to enable the manufacturers to make goods accep dishearten and saleable and to see that they reach the market more easily, quickly, chintzily and profitable with out sacrificing the consumer interest. 13 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS.MARKETING RESEARCH PROCESS EFFECTIVE MARKETING RESEARCH INVOLVES FIVE steps Defining the problem and research objectives. Developing the research plan. Collecting the information. Analyzing the information. Presenting the findings. MANAGEMENTS USE OF MARKET RESEARCH Inspite of the rapid growth of marketing research, many companies still fail to use it efficiently. Several factors that stand in the way of its greater utilization are ? A narrow conception of marketing research. ? gravelly caliber of market research. ? Late and occasional erroneous findings by marketing research. Intellectual differences. 14 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. A BRIEF INTRODUCTION Madura Garments established in 1988 as a part of Coats Viyellas (U. K) garment division. In December 1 999, Indian Rayon and Industries Ltd. an Aditya Birla group company acquired Madura Garments. Madura Garments is one of the speedy growing branded apparel companies with a turnover of Rs. 395 crore at a blistering growth rate of over 30% per annum. Madura Garments is the undisputed leader in high quality readymade Menswear industry in South Asia. 15CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. The chronological developments listed below weave its success written report 1989 Louis Philippe launched The first national up market mens enclothe. 1990 Launch Of Van Heusen It was positioned as international corporate wear. 1993 Allen Solly Launched Introduced the Friday Dressing concept. 1996 Launch Of Peter England Became the largest selling shirt brand in South Asia. 1998 San Frisco Launched -Launched as the Great Trousers that last. 2000 Trouser Town The Retail Concept store was launched as the Readymade Trouser Expert. 2000 Elements, casuals from the Hous e of Peter England was launched. 2001 satellite Fashions launched -Mega store for Menswear housing all Madura brands. MISSION To continuously enhance leadership position in the branded ready-made apparel market by marketing brands that continuously provides the Best Value to consumers in terms of fashion, design, quality, availability & image. To continue to be South Asias leading clothing company by sustaining world-class standards of quality, customer service and design. 16 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS.VALUES Competitive Ability Quality Service & Value Taking Advantage of tack Committed People Clear Objectives Simple Organization Openness Responsibility/Empowerment Premium brands under MADURA GARMENTS Louis Philippe Van Heusen Allen Solly 17 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. Madura Garments was the first to launch an International menswear brand label in South Asia when it launched Louis Philippe in 1989. Louis Philippe has the distinction of being the first to introduce in India, a super premium segment in the readymade hirt industry. Louis Philippes range of superbly crafted garments makes an exclusive fashion statement that is accepted as the Ultimate Status Symbol, recognize by the extraordinary identifier, The Upper Crest. 18 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. Van Heusen was introduced in 1990, a brand targeted at Corporate Executives. Very soon, it became the preferred corporate wear, redefining corporate attire through constant product innovations and collections. 19 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS.The Allen Solly brand has been in existence since 1744 and is currently a trademark of William Hollins & Co. Ltd. , England. Through association with Friday Dressing in India, this International brand is today the symbol of a genre that has rescued business dressing from a dip in corporate starch. For the soul that questions corporate formality, the brand provides a well-dressed way out. 20 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. A BRIEF history Incorporated in 1925, the Raymond Group is a Rs1400 crore plus conglomerate having businesses in Textiles, Readymade Garments, engine room Files &Tools, Prophylactics and Toiletries. The group is the leader in textiles, apparel, & files & tools in India and enjoys a pronounced position in the international market. Raymond believes in Excellence, Quality and Leadership. Raymond Apparel Ltd. has three highly regarded menswear brands in its folio Park Avenue, Parx & Manzoni. 21 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. The most assessed brand in the formal menswear category in India. A trendsetter ever since its launch, Park Avenues innovations in design, styling, colours and fashion has always been the benchmark for other brands.Park Avenue is the only brand that provides complete wardrobe s olutions for men. With its unique collection of suits, jackets and trousers, Park Avenue has successfully addressed the needs of the corporate czar. The Park Avenue product portfolio includes Shirts ? Trousers ? Suits ? Jackets ? 22 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. Park Avenue shirts cover the widest spectrum of colours, fabrics and designs made in blow% cotton as well as cotton blends. Park Avenue shirts comes in a range of solid shades in plain and twill weaves as well as checks and stripes in white- and colour-based designs. simpleally designed shirts with regular collar, going down collar and cutaway collar options complete this very exquisite range. Sub-brand Park Avenue Platinum occupies the top position in upper-crust clothing. These are c% cotton shirts in contemporary designs available in the latest and trendiest international pattern and styles. New collections under Park Avenue The Classic Dress Shirt Fine Tech Shirts Evening Wear sh irts Leisurewear shirts snow% wrinkle free shirts 23 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS.A BRIEF HISTORY The company started business with export of readymade garments to Europe in the early 60s, which included mainly ties and shirts. For many decades, Zodiac has been synonymous with ties. The business of ties is a high fashion business and Zodiac has taken this to new highs in India and across the globe. In fact, one can say that in India Zodiac is generically associated with ties. Following Zodiacs huge success with ties, the company entered the theatre of operations of mens accessories with Cuff links, Belts, Wallets and Handkerchiefs.In 1973, Zodiac had a stand-alone exclusive shirt shop in Hotel Taj in Mumbai. The company then entered the domestic shirt segment in late 80s. Shirts and ties being the main areas of focus. In addition to the above products, Zodiac has today added quality trousers in its arsenal and with their new brand ZOD Have op ened up a whole new segment in the country- Club wear. 24 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. ZODIAC SHIRTS Zodiac is one of the largest shirt companies in the world and sells quality shirts to the best stores across the globe.Zodiac has been a quality manufacturer of fashion garments for the last 47 years and is considered to be one of the finest quality shirt makers. All shirts are made from the finest fabrics sourced worldwide to give quality, value for money products. Zodiac shirts offer quality at affordable prices ranging from Rs545 to Rs2,200. Zodiac has also being awarded the nearly Admired Neckwear Brand Award of the year at the prestigious Images Fashion Awards 2000. Zodiac, is today, the largest selling shirts & tie brand at Shoppers Stop according to Brand right (The Economic Times) 5 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. A BRIEF HISTORY The Arvind Mills Limited is the flagship company of Rs. 20 billion (U S$ 550 million) of the Lalbhai Group. The Lalbhai Group, founded by three Lalbhai brothers-Kasturbhai, Narottambhai and Chimanbhai in 1908, has grown to become one of Indias most diversified business houses, with a significant presence in the textiles, ready-to-wear, agrochemicals and telecom industries in India. Each company in the group, in its own way, pursues a single mission- to be the benchmark in its industry.To achieve this, they have tied-up with a variety of companies all world leaders in their respective fields. Renovision and Technology have brought them to where they are today-one of the top ten manufacturers of Denim in the world, on their way to becoming global textile conglomerate. BRAND UNDER ARVIND MILLS 26 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. A BRIEF INTRODUCTION With a inheritance spanning over 150 years, Arrow the premium mens wear brand has come to be recognised as the leader in mens fashion. Having conquered the American market , The Arrow Company, a division of Cluett Peabody & Co.Inc. , USA entered India in 1993. Since then, the brand has gained immense popularity in India and is the most sought after premium shirt for the savvy, fashion conscious Indian men. Arrow, brought to India by Arvind Brands, has been the voice of authority in formal dressing that understands the wardrobe requirements of its discerning male customers. Arrows offerings are aimed at functional executives who believe in power dressing. The target customer for Arrow customers is an achiever in his respective field and wants only the best, be it a pen or the vehicle he drives.The brand has constantly worked on its product range and brought out collections that become synonymous with elegance and class. The Arrow wardrobe is available in four ranges Americas Classic, Americas Premium, Americas Sport and Urban from Arrow. 27 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. ARROW WARDROBE Premium- This range has garm ents that are made with 100% 2-ply cotton and undergoes ETI treatment for a wrinkle-free effect. 2-ply yarn is more durable, stronger and lasts longer. This means the shirt lasts longer and looks better.This label includes international designs, a muted colour palette, twotone fabrics and stylish collars. Classic- Arrow believes that cotton is the best fabric against ones skin as it is soft, breathable and 100% natural. As a result, Arrow has taken a policy decision that even the Classic range will offer the consumer only 100% cotton. Sportswear- This range is made of 100% cotton in sporty finishes, indigo knits, soft washes, fine fabrics and a sophisticated palette. Americas Sport range offers a series of khakis, indigos and peached fabrics. The range is supported by peached tussore trousers with fashionable styling.The range includes shirts, trousers, knits and jackets. Urban- Arrows urban collection is created for the man with an innate sense of style and fashion. The collection is meant to be worn at kind gatherings. It uses a cotton lycra blend and the shirts are tapered with a narrow fit and an international collar. Arrow offers wardrobe solutions and not just shirts. Through its various collections it caters to the contrastive moments in a mans life office wear, After-office wear, weekends and social events. 28 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. DESIGN OF THE STUDYThe second chapter is focused on details about how the research was conducted with information on the following aspects. ? Scope of the research ? Statement of the problem ? Objectives of the research ? Design of the research SCOPE OF THE RESEARCH The research was conducted on the consumers of premium branded ready made formal shirts in the city of Bangalore. The research due to the constraints of place, Time and Financial and other resources was restricted to Bangalore City alone. The research is aimed at understanding the following aspects related to Consu mer Perception and Brand Preference For Premium Branded Readymade Formal Shirts. Impression of Branding ? Brand awareness ? Brand Loyalty ? Influencing Factors In barter for decisions ? Advertisement effectiveness 29 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM The corporate community of todays world has come to realize the power of branding and tapping changing consumer perception as a tool for substantial Competitive advantage over other standardised companies operating in the industry and the most comprehensive concept of branding is building the companies as Brands.But in the case of ready-to-wear garments industry, Branding always has and will plan an key function and thus the research tries to confirm to the statement. This is the reason why the research is trying to answer the question, ? Whether branding plays a vital role in purchase of premium branded readymade formal shirts? ? Whether companies are providing the product with changing consumer perception and needs? 30 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. OBJECTIVES OF THE RESEARCH ? To study the consumer perceptions towards premium branded readymade formal shirts. Brand awareness. ? Impact of brand image. ? The factors influencing the purchase behaviour. ? The satisfaction levels of consumer of premium branded readymade shirts. ? To measure the moving-picture show of advertisement. ? To know expectations of consumers from premium brands. 31 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. DESIGN OF THE RESEARCH The research was designed to achieve the above mentioned objectives and the following tools were used to collect the required data. ? ? ? ? Sampling method sampling frame Sample Size Data collection Methods SAMPLING METHODA sample is considered during a research when the size of the population is very large and a set is chosen to represent the whole population, this set is called a sample i s a representative of the population under study. Similarly, a sample was chosen for the research and was chosen by a simple random sampling. SAMPLING FRAME The sample frame represents the groups of respondents that were contacted during the check over it also represents the profession of the respondents that were connected for data. SAMPLE SIZE The total sample size for the data collection for the research was 50 respondents. 2 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. Data Collection Methods The sources of data collection are 1. Primary Data Primary Data is the first hand information collected during the research. These are the original observations collected from the targeted segment of different methods. The Primary Data is collected through structured questionnaires and Direct Interview. 2. tributary Data The Secondary Data is collected through the materials given by the organization, books, journals, affair magazines and Internet.Tools for Data Co llection Structured Questionnaires were the tools for data collection. The Questionnaire was neatly designed and constructed for the purpose inline with the objective of the study. 33 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. Table zero(prenominal) 1 Table indicating the number of respondents with respect to their age group. Age Group (years) no. of Respondents Percentage (%) 18-25 25-35 35-45 45 Total 30 13 03 04 50 60 26 06 08 100 graph no(prenominal) 1 interpret indicating the number of respondents with respect to their age group.No. of Respondents 3 4 18-25 Years 25-35 Years 13 35-45 Years 30 45 Years Inference It can be inferred from the table and graph that 30 (60%) respondents are in the age group of 18-25 years, 13 (26%) respondents are in the age group of 25-35 years, 3 (6%) respondents are in the age group of 35-45 years, 4 (8%) respondents are in the age group of above 45 years. 34 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDE D SHIRTS. Table No. 2 Table indicating the gender of the respondents. Gender No. of Respondents Percentage (%) Male FemaleTotal 45 05 50 90 10 100 Graph No. 2 Graph indicating the Gender of the respondents. No of respondents 5 Male Female 45 Inference It can be inferred from the table and graph that 45 (90%) of respondents are Male and 5 (10%) respondents are Female. 35 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. Table No. 3 Table indicating the number of respondents with respect to their educational qualification. educational Qualification No. of Respondents Percentage (%) S SL C PUC Under graduate Graduate Post Graduate Total 00 00 17 25 8 50 00 00 34 50 16 100 Graph No. 3 Graph indicating the number of respondents with respect to their educational qualification. No of respondents 8 Post Graduate SSLC 25 PUC 17 Under Graduate UG 0 Graduate SSLC 0 0 Post Graduate 10 20 30 40 50 Inference It can be inferred from the table and graph the educational qualifica tion of the respondents. 17 (34%) respondents are Under-Graduates, 25 (50%) respondents are Graduates, 8 (16%) respondents are Post Graduates. 36 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. Table No. 4Table indicating the number of respondents with respect to their Occupation. Occupation No. of Respondents Percentage (%) Self Employed compensated Student Others Total 10 17 13 10 50 20 34 26 20 100 Graph No. 4 Graph indicating the number of respondents with respect to their occupation. No of respondents 10 10 Self Em ployed Salaried Student 13 17 Others Inference It can be inferred from the table and graph with reference to their occupation. 10 (20%) respondents are Self-Employed, 17 (34%) respondents are salaried, 13 (26%) respondents are Students and 10 (20%) respondents are in other occupation. 7 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. Table No. 5 Table indicating the number of respondents with respect to their Annual income. Annual income (Rs) No. of Respondents Percentage (%) Rs50,000 Rs50,000-1,00,000 Rs1,00,000-3,00,000 Rs3,00,000 Total 11 14 09 16 50 22 28 18 32 100 Graph No. 5 Graph indicating the number of respondents with respect to their Annual income. No. of Respondents 22% 32% Rs 3,00,000 InferenceIt can be inferred from the table and graph with reference to their Annual Income, 11 (22%) respondents Income is Below Rs50,000 14 (28%) respondents income is surrounded by Rs50,000-1,00,000, 9 (18%) respondents income is Rs1,00,000-2,00,000, 16 (32%) respondents income is above Rs3,00,000. 38 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. Table No. 6 Table indicating the different intelligence activity Paper read by the respondents. News Paper No. of Respondents Percentage (%) Times Of India Deccan Herald Vijay Times Economic Times Others 39 21 19 13 16 78 42 38 26 32 Graph No. 6Graph indicating the different News Paper read by the respondents. No. of respondents 50 45 40 3 9 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Times Of India Deccan Herald 21 Vijay Times 19 13 16 Economic Times Others Inference It can be inferred from the table and graph that, 39 (78%) respondents read Times Of India, 21 (42%) respondents read Deccan Herald, 19 (38%) read Vijay Times, 13 (26%) read Economic Times and 16 (32%) respondents read other News papers like Indian Express, double-deckeriness Timesetc. 39 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. Table No. 7 Table indicating the different Magazines read by the respondents.Magazines No. of Respondents Percentage (%) Business Today Business World India Today Sports Star Others 28 22 39 13 16 56 44 78 26 32 Graph No. 7 Graph indicating the different Magazines read by the respondents. No. of re sponde nts 50 45 40 35 30 28 25 20 15 10 5 0 Bus ine s s toda y 39 Bus ine s s W orld India Toda y 22 13 16 Sports Star Othe rs Inference It can be inferred from the table and graph that, 28 (56%) respondents read Business Today , 22 (44%) read Business World, 39 (78%) read India Today, 13 (26%) respondents read Sports Star and 16 (32%) read other Magazines such as internal Cricketetc. 0 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. Table No. 8 Table indicating the number of respondents with reference to the awareness of Premium Branded Formal Shirts. Premium Brands Van Heusen Louis Philippe Park Avenue Allen Solly Zodiac Arrow Others No. of Respondents 24 36 26 31 20 23 12 Percentage (%) 48 72 52 62 40 46 24 Graph No. 8 Graph indicating the number of respondents with reference to the awareness of Premium Branded Formal Shirts. No. of respondents 50 45 40 35 30 25 24 20 15 10 5 0 Van Heusen Louis Phillipe 36Park Avenue 31 26 20 Allen Solly 23 12 Zodiac Arrow Others Inference It can be inferred from the table and graph that, 24 (48%) respondents are aware of Van Heusen, 36(72%) respondents are aware of Louis Philippe, 26 (52%) are aware of Park Avenue, 31 (62%) respondents are aware o f Allen Solly, 20 (40%) respondents are aware of Zodiac, 23 (46%) respondents are aware of Arrow and 12 (24%) respondents are aware of other brands like John Players, Dockers, Indigo Nationetc. 41 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. Table No. 9Table indicating the number of respondents with reference to the awareness of Premium Branded Formal Shirts through different media . Media No. of Respondents Percentage (%) TV News Paper Magazines Hoardings Friends/Relatives Retail Outlet 36 32 22 14 23 12 72 64 44 28 46 24 Graph No. 9 Graph indicating the number of respondents with reference to the awareness of Premium Branded Formal Shirts through different media. No. of respondents 50 45 40 35 36 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 TV News Paper 32 Magazines 23 22 14 Hoardings 12 Friends/Relatives Retail Outlet InferenceIt can be inferred from the table and graph that, 36 (72%) respondents came to know the brands through TV, 32 (64%) respondents through News Papers, 22 (44% ) respondents through Magazines, 14 (28%) respondents through Hoarding, 23 (46%) respondents through intelligence operation of mouth Friends/Relatives and 12 (24%) respondents through retail Outlets. 42 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. Table No. 10 Table indicating the number of respondents with reference to the media impress them to purchase Premium Branded Formal Shirt. Media No. of Respondents Percentage (%) TVNews Paper Magazines Hoardings Others Total 12 08 11 07 12 50 24 16 22 14 24 100 Graph No. 10 Graph indicating the number of respondents with reference to the media impressed them to purchase Premium Branded Formal Shirt. No. of respondents 24 24 TV News Paper Magazines 14 16 Hoardings Others 22 Inference It can be inferred from the table and graph that, 12 (24%) respondents are impressed through TV ads. 8 (16%) respondents through News Papers, 11 (22%) respondents through Magazines, 7 (14%) respondents through Hoardings and 12 (24%) re spondents are impressed by others like word of mouth. Etc. 43CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. Table No. 11 Table indicating the number of respondents with reference to the advertisement recalled by them of various brands. Premium Brands Van Heusen Louis Philippe Park Avenue Allen Solly Zodiac Arrow Others No. of Respondents 12 28 22 16 14 26 08 Percentage (%) 48 72 52 62 40 46 24 Graph No. 11 Graph indicating the number of respondents with reference to the advertisement recalled by them of various brands. No. of re sponde nts 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 12 5 0 Va n He us en Louis Phillipe Pa rk Ave nue 28 26 22 16 Allen Solly Zodia c 14 8 Arr owOthe rs Inference It can be inferred from the table and graph that, 12 (24%) respondents recall the ads. of Van Heusen, 28 (56%) respondents of Louis Philippe, 22 (44%) respondents of Park Avenue, 16 (32%) respondents of Allen Solly, 14 (28%) respondents of Zodiac, 26 (52%) respondents of Arrow and 8 (16%) r espondents recall the Ads. Of other brands like John Players, Indigo Nation etc. 44 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. Table No. 12 Table indicating the number of respondents with reference to the appeal of advertisement of various brands. Appeal No. of Respondents Percentage (%)Brand Name Style Durability Comfort Others Total 21 06 08 12 03 50 42 12 16 24 06 100 Graph No. 12 Graph indicating the number of respondents with reference to the appeal of advertisement of various brands. No. of respondents 3 Brand Name 12 21 Style Durability Comfortness Others 8 6 Inference It can be inferred from the table and graph that, 21 (42%) respondents feel the ads. are appealing to Brand Name, 6 (12%) of respondents as Style, 8 (16%) of respondents as Durability, 12 (24%) of respondents as Comfort, 3 (6%) of respondents as others. 45 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. Table No. 3 Table indicating the number of respondents with re ference to the extent of ads. played role in purchase of Premium Branded Formal Shirts. Extent No. of Respondents Percentage (%) High Medium Low Total 22 24 04 50 44 48 08 100 Graph No. 13 Graph indicating the number of respondents with reference to the extent of ads. played role in purchase of Premium Branded Formal Shirts. No. of respondents 8 44 High Medium 48 Low Inference It can be inferred from the table and graph that advertisement had played a high role in purchase for 22 (44%) respondents, Medium role for 24 (48%) respondents and less role for 4 (8%) respondents. 6 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. Table No. 14 Table indicating the number of respondents with reference to the Brands they purchased. Premium Brands No. of Respondents Percentage (%) Van Heusen Louis Philippe Park Avenue Allen Solly Zodiac Arrow Others 12 14 06 13 08 16 14 24 28 12 26 16 32 28 Graph No. 14 Graph indicating the number of respondents with reference to the Brands they purchased. No. of re sponde nts 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 12 5 0 Va n He us en Louis Phillipe Pa rk Ave nue Allen Solly 14 16 13 6 8 14 Zodia c Arr ow Othe rs InferenceIt can be inferred from the table and graph that 12 (24%) respondents purchased Van Heusen. 14 (28%) purchased Louis Philippe. 6 (12%) respondents had purchased Park Avenue. 13 (26%) respondents purchased Allen Solly. 8 (16%) respondents purchased Zodiac. 16 (32%) respondents purchased Arrow. 14 (28%) respondents purchased other brands. 47 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. Table No. 15 Table indicating the number of respondents with reference to the factors influenced them while purchasing of Premium Branded Shirts. Factors No. of Respondents Percentage (%) Brand Name PriceQuality Style Colour Others 34 22 42 18 16 08 68 44 84 36 32 16 Graph No. 15 Graph indicating the number of respondents with reference to the factors influenced them while purchasing of Premium Branded Shirts . No. of re sponde nts 50 45 40 35 34 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Br and Nam e 42 Pr ic e Qua lity 22 18 Style 16 Colour 8 Othe rs Inference It can be inferred from the table and graph that factors influenced respondents while purchasing. 34 (68%) respondents influenced by Brand Name. 22 (44%) respondents influenced by Price. 42 (84%) respondents influenced by Quality. 18 (36%) respondents are influenced by Style. (12%) respondents are influenced by Colours and 8 (16%) respondents are influenced by other factors. 48 CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND PREFERENCE FOR PREMIUM BRANDED SHIRTS. Table No. 16 Table indicating the number of respondents with reference to what made them to think the particular shirt belongs to Premium class. Factors No. of Respondents Percentage (%) Brand Quality Durability Price Total 19 16 07 08 50 38 32 14 16 100 Graph No. 16 Graph indicating the number of respondents with reference to what made them to think the particular shirt belongs to Premium class. No. of re spond e nts

Ophelia can be viewed as an insignificant minor character Essay

Ophelia can be viewed as an insignificant minor char biter in the play through the way she is utilize as an unwitting pawn in schemes of those who have master over her, as revealed in symbolize 2 blastoff 2 where Polonius says I lead loose my daughter to him when he and Claudius plan how they will test Hamlets madness. The word loose objectifies Ophelia, portraying her as an animal used as bait for Claudiuss profess objectives spying on Hamlet. Ophelias character does not have a say in the matter, and through her absence in this particular scene, Shakespeare is able to emphasise her insignificance in the play.Ophelias lack of appearance in the play excessively portrays her character as minor and insignificant, as Shakespeare that uses her character in 5 scenes. For the majority of these scenes, Ophelia has little contribution to the dialogue and her spoken lines are often responses to questions and commands by others who dominate the play, for example in Act 1 Scene 3 Ophelia s responses are short in coincidence to her fathers and brothers dialogue, most of which contains instructions on how Ophelia is expected to act Do not believe his vowsLook tot I charge you. Come your ways. The use of imperatives in this scene turn in how Ophelia is predominate by others and is therefore highlight her insignificance in the play. This is further portrayed in Ophelias responses, such as I shall obey, my professional. The use of my Lord reveals her inferior status and through minimalistic speech we are able to gain a sense of her unimportance to the action of the play. another(prenominal) way in which Ophelia whitethorn be viewed as insignificant is in her marriage prospects.Her brother Laertes, who suggests that she is not good enough for Hamlet, condemns her relationship with Hamlet, who tells her to regard Hamlets love as something unlikely to last and potentially dangerous Fear it my dear sister. Hamlet is a prince and therefore Ophelias status makes her inferi or in comparison and as a result, an unsuitable wife. Both her brother and father tell Ophelia how to behave, for example Polonius instructs Ophelia to spend less time with Hamlet Be something scanter of your maiden front.This dominance over Ophelia, as well as her subservience, again presents her of an insignificant status in the play. Ophelia does not say or do anything to indicate she is dejected ab step forward the instructions given to her by her brother or father. However, another interpretation of Ophelias subservience is that obedience is a role she plays. She is expected to act as a loyal daughter and responses such as But as you did command suggest she is carrying out orders to keep her father content.Shakespeare reveals a unaccented Ophelia in Act 4 Scene 5 in which she is in a state of madness, through her songs about close, chaos and unrequited love. The poignancy of her songs (He is dead and gone lady, he is dead and gone) as well as the reactions of other characte rs (Alas sweet lady), induce a paltry reactions, allowing the audience to sympathise with a character who has become so weak it has led to madness. In contrast to her minimalistic speech, in Act 1 Scene 3, Ophelia has dominated the speech.This may suggest that Ophelias character is only of significance when she is in a state of madness. The taboo nature of her songs reveals a character stepping out of the leap of her social status and this contrasts to how her father has ordered her to act. The death of Polonius may be a cause of Ophelias madness and this is evident when Claudius says Oh this is the poison of deep facebreak it springs all from her fathers death.This may suggest that Ophelia becomes weak without the presence of the dominant male authority. Her father is dead, her brother is absent from the country and she has been jilted by Hamlet without them Ophelia collapses. Shakespeare presents Ophelia as weak in Act 4 Scene 7 where she is unable(p) to save herself As one i ncapable of her own distress. The suggestion that Ophelia has committed suicide may have been used by Shakespeare to imply that Ophelias weak state did not allow her to go on living.Shakespeare uses Ophelias character to portray many aspects of Hamlets character, for example Shakespeare is able to reveal Hamlets qualification of staggering stiffness through his treat custodyt of Ophelia in the nunnery scene. Shakespeare presents this cruelty through the use of brutal commands and insults such as Get thee to a nunnery. In Act 2 Scene 1 Ophelia presents herself as a victim of Hamlets rough treatment He took me by the wrist, and held me hard, disclosure Hamlets capability of cruelty.There is also evidence of Hamlets cruelty when he embarrasses Ophelia in public, asking her Do you think I meant country matters? Hamlets wit enables him to belittle or mock other characters and the fact that there is little sign of Ophelias character reinforces the idea that she is a minor character. A nother thing that is revealed about Hamlet through Ophelia is Hamlets judgment of women. In the nunnery scene, Hamlet accuses Ophelia You jig, you amble, and you lisp, you nickname Gods creatures, and your make your wantonness your ignorance, revealing his disgust towards women.Shakespeare lists the deceptions to reinforce Hamlets repugnance towards the women in his life. Once again Shakespeare has revealed Hamlets feelings through his words to Ophelia. Ophelias character is also used to portray ideas about other characters, for example when handing out flowers to other characters, Shakespeare develops ideas about the nature of other characters through the type of flower that Ophelia gives to them. For example, one of the flowers she gives out is a daisy, which represents deception an act that could be linked to Claudiuss character.By doing this, Shakespeare is using Ophelia in this scene to indirectly criticise the characters, and the connotations associated with the various flowe rs would be widely understood by the audience in Shakespeares day. It could be argued that Ophelia is chiefly interesting for reasons other than what she reveals about Hamlet, for example Ophelia is important in the manner in which she illuminates discussion of some of the plays central themes, one of which is the oppression of women in society. Shakespeare presents Ophelia as oppressed through her lack of opinion and contribution in the play.The mere fact that she can be viewed as insignificant shows the audience that Ophelia is oppressed by male authority in the family. Polonius tells Ophelia that she speaks like a super acid girl, implying that she is nai ve, and this comes across to the audience as patronising. The alliteration of green girl emphasises Poloniuss condescending tone. By belittling Ophelia, he is able to gain control of the conversation. Ophelia is told to think herself a baby, suggesting that she is constrained from using her own mind and must follow the orders given to her.Ophelias character is presented as one with no point of view as she says I do not know my Lord what I should think. Through statements such as this, Shakespeare reveals an oppressed Ophelia who is unable to think for herself due to the strict control by men in her life. The fact that Ophelia is being used as a pawn in mens political affairs is also a sign that she is being oppressed. When Polonius offers to loose Ophelia, he is taking advantage of her by offering her as a service without her consent.This also portrays Ophelia as a possession that belongs to Polonius. On the other hand, it could be argued that Ophelias character is not oppressed, but in fact in need of male control. In Act 1 Scene 3 Ophelia says I shall theffect of this good lesson keep as watchman to my heart. The use of good implies that the advice is necessary for Ophelias well being and is taken on by her with a positive attitude. When asked by Laertes to remember what she has been told, Ophelia resp onds by verbalism Tis in my memory locked, and you yourself shall keep the key of it. This statement also shows Ophelia is willing to take on her brothers advice. This argument can be support by the idea that Ophelia collapses without her father or brother, and that she in fact benefits by being in their command. Ophelia is also significant as her character is crucial for the plot and setting the scene in the play, for example, in part it is her death that motivates Laertes to take revenge on Hamlet. Another example of the importance of Ophelia in the plot is that her death is used by Shakespeare as a catalyst for confrontation between Hamlet and Laertes.